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Potassium Perchlorate

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Identification
Molecular formula
KClO4
CAS number
7778-74-7
IUPAC name
potassium;perchlorate
State
State

Potassium perchlorate is typically found in a solid state at room temperature. It is a stable compound, commonly used in pyrotechnics, explosives, and as an oxidizing agent.

Melting point (Celsius)
610.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
883.00
Boiling point (Celsius)
0.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
0.00
General information
Molecular weight
138.55g/mol
Molar mass
138.5480g/mol
Density
2.5200g/cm3
Appearence

Potassium perchlorate appears as a white crystalline substance. The crystals are typically colorless or white and have a high degree of purity.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of Potassium Perchlorate

Potassium perchlorate (KClO4) is known for its high solubility in water, which makes it a readily dissolvable compound in aqueous solutions. The solubility characteristics of potassium perchlorate can be highlighted through the following points:

  • Highly Soluble: At room temperature, potassium perchlorate has a solubility of approximately 1.9 g per 100 mL of water.
  • Temperature Dependence: Its solubility increases with temperature; for example, solubility can reach around 18 g per 100 mL of water at 60 °C.
  • Solvent Interaction: The compound dissociates into potassium (K+) and perchlorate (ClO4-) ions, which readily interact with water molecules, creating a stable solution.

Furthermore, it is essential to note that while potassium perchlorate is quite soluble in water, it is insoluble in organic solvents such as alcohols and ethers. Therefore, its solubility profile is influenced greatly by the solvent used. This makes potassium perchlorate an intriguing compound for various applications where solubility in water is required.

In conclusion, potassium perchlorate’s ability to dissolve effectively in water showcases the intricate balance between ionic compounds and solvent properties, marking it as a significant chemical for research and industrial uses.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about Potassium Perchlorate

Potassium perchlorate, a compound with a unique blend of properties, is a fascinating subject of study in both chemistry and materials science. Known for its role as a powerful oxidizer, potassium perchlorate is utilized in a variety of applications, ranging from pyrotechnics to rocket propellants.

Key Features

  • Oxidizing Agent: Potassium perchlorate is recognized for its strong oxidizing capabilities, making it a crucial ingredient in various explosive and pyrotechnic formulations.
  • Applications: Beyond its use in explosives, it finds applications in:
    • Fireworks
    • Signal flares
    • Propellant formulations for rockets
  • Environmental Considerations: Scientists study the environmental impact of perchlorates, as they can contaminate water supplies and affect human health.

Chemistry Behind the Compound

The chemical structure of potassium perchlorate features the perchlorate ion ClO4, bonded to a potassium ion K. This arrangement provides stability while allowing for high energy release during decomposition, which is a desirable property in energetic materials.

Safety and Handling

Due to its reactivity, handling potassium perchlorate requires caution. Always ensure the following safety measures:

  • Store in a cool, dry place away from incompatible materials.
  • Use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) when working with this compound.

In the words of chemist William H. Becker, "The challenge of managing energetic materials lies not just in their power, but in understanding their chemistry."

In summary, potassium perchlorate is a compound that exemplifies the dual nature of chemical substances: it can be both a tool for innovation and a source of concern for safety and environmental health. Its study continues to reveal new insights into the world of chemistry and beyond.