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Isopropyl mercaptan

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Identification
Molecular formula
C3H8S
CAS number
75-33-2
IUPAC name
propane-2-thiol
State
State

At room temperature, propane-2-thiol is in a liquid state.

Melting point (Celsius)
-140.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
133.15
Boiling point (Celsius)
59.60
Boiling point (Kelvin)
332.75
General information
Molecular weight
76.16g/mol
Molar mass
76.1610g/mol
Density
0.8418g/cm3
Appearence

Propane-2-thiol is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a strong and unpleasant odor, often described as resembling that of garlic or rotten eggs.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of Propane-2-thiol

Propane-2-thiol, also known as isopropyl mercaptan, is a fascinating compound when it comes to its solubility properties. The solubility of this compound can be influenced by various factors, including its molecular structure and interactions with solvents.

Key Solubility Characteristics:

  • Solvent Compatibility: Propane-2-thiol is generally soluble in polar solvents such as water due to its hydrophilic thiol (-SH) group. However, its larger hydrophobic hydrocarbon portion tends to decrease overall solubility.
  • Water Solubility: While it is water-soluble, the solubility is only moderate. Its solubility limit in water at room temperature is approximately 2.8 g/100 mL.
  • Organic Solvents: Propane-2-thiol is highly soluble in a range of organic solvents including alcohols, ethers, and hydrocarbons, making it useful in various applications where organic solubility is required.

The solubility behavior can also be described as a balance between the polar character of the thiol group and the non-polar characteristics of the hydrocarbon chain. This dual nature gives rise to interesting interactions in mixed solvents. As noted, "the amphiphilic nature of thiols often leads to complex solubility patterns."

In conclusion, propane-2-thiol displays moderate solubility in water and high solubility in organic solvents, showcasing the dual characteristics that can impact its behavior in various chemical environments.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about Propane-2-thiol

Propane-2-thiol, commonly known as isopropyl mercaptan, is a fascinating compound that showcases the intriguing characteristics of thiols. Here are some compelling facts that illustrate its significance:

  • Unique Odor: One of the most distinctive features of propane-2-thiol is its strong and often unpleasant odor. This characteristic, reminiscent of garlic or rotten cabbage, is the reason thiols are utilized as odorants in natural gas, providing a safety measure against leaks.
  • Versatile Uses: Propane-2-thiol is employed in various industries, including:
    • Flavoring and Fragrance: It is added to certain food products and perfumes for its unique scent.
    • Chemical Synthesis: This compound plays a role as a reagent in organic synthesis, helping to create other important chemical compounds.
    • Animal Repellent: Its potent odor can deter certain pests, making it useful in agricultural settings.
  • Biochemical Relevance: Propane-2-thiol is of interest in biochemical studies due to its ability to interact with biological systems. It can influence enzyme activities, providing insights into protein structure and function.
  • Safety Precautions: Working with propane-2-thiol requires adequate safety measures, as its vapors can be harmful if inhaled. Proper ventilation and personal protective equipment are essential when handling this compound.
  • Environmental Impact: As with many thiols, propane-2-thiol can be found in natural sources and can affect the environment. Its role in natural processes, such as the breakdown of organic matter, is an area of ongoing research.

In summary, propane-2-thiol is not only notable for its unique smell but also for its diverse applications and significance in both industrial and biological contexts. The study of such compounds opens up a world of discovery in the field of chemistry.

Synonyms
2-Propanethiol
Propane-2-thiol
ISOPROPYL MERCAPTAN
75-33-2
Isopropanethiol
Isopropylthiol
2-Mercaptopropane
2-Propylmercaptan
1-Methylethanethiol
Isopropylmercaptan
2-Propylthiol
Propanethiol-(2)
iso-C3H7SH
HSDB 625
2mercaptopropane
UNII-E52LR62ETC
EINECS 200-861-4
E52LR62ETC
NSC 87537
CHEBI:8474
DTXSID1025481
AI3-22988
NSC-87537
DTXCID105481
FEMA NO. 3897
EC 200-861-4
ISOPROPYL MERCAPTAN [HSDB]
propan-2-thiol
MFCD00004863
2propanethiol
i-propylthiol
isopropyl thiol
isopropane thiol
2Propylmercaptan
2-propanthiol
2-propane thiol
1Methylethanethiol
iPrSH
2 -propylmercaptan
UN2402
2-PROPYL MERCAPTAN
2-Propanethiol, >=97%
2-Propanethiol, >=98%
CHEMBL1897156
2-Propanethiol, analytical standard
NSC87537
Tox21_201170
2-Propanethiol, >=97.0% (GC)
AKOS000121903
CAS-75-33-2
NCGC00091817-01
NCGC00091817-02
NCGC00258722-01
BP-21263
DB-003328
NS00009826
P0489
EN300-29731
C08391
Q209470
F0001-1899