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Tributyltin hydride

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Identification
Molecular formula
C12H28Sn
CAS number
688-73-3
IUPAC name
sulfanide;tributylstannane;tributylstannanylium
State
State

At room temperature, tributyltin hydride is in a liquid state.

Melting point (Celsius)
-78.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
195.15
Boiling point (Celsius)
114.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
387.15
General information
Molecular weight
291.13g/mol
Molar mass
291.1280g/mol
Density
1.1784g/cm3
Appearence

Tributyltin hydride typically appears as a colorless to pale, yellow liquid. It may also have a slight, characteristic odor.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of Sulfanide; Tributylstannane; Tributylstannanylium

The solubility characteristics of tributylstannane and its related ionic form, tributylstannanylium, exhibit intriguing behavior due to their varying molecular structures. Here are some key points to consider regarding their solubility:

  • Hydrophobic Nature: The long hydrocarbon chains in tributylstannane contribute to its hydrophobic nature, making it less soluble in water compared to other organometallic compounds.
  • Solvent Dependency: However, this compound shows good solubility in organic solvents such as benzene or toluene, where it can be utilized in various applications.
  • Ionic Solubility: The ionic variant, tributylstannanylium, which carries a positive charge, generally displays increased solubility in polar solvents, greatly enhancing its reactivity.
  • Temperature Influence: Solubility can also be affected by temperature; as temperatures rise, the solubility of these compounds in organic solvents may increase, allowing for better interaction in syntheses.

Overall, the solubility of these compounds is a balance of their hydrophobic and ionic characteristics, and understanding these properties is critical for their effective application in chemical processes.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about Tributylstannane

Tributylstannane, commonly referred to as stannane, is an organotin compound that has garnered significant attention in the realms of organic chemistry and materials science. Here are some intriguing aspects of this fascinating compound:

  • Versatile Reagent: Tributylstannane is widely used as a reagent in various chemical reactions, particularly in the formation of carbon-carbon bonds. This ability makes it a valuable tool in organic synthesis.
  • Stabilizing Properties: The presence of tin atoms in the molecular structure allows tributylstannane to stabilize reactive intermediates in chemical reactions, leading to improved reaction yields.
  • Electrophilic Character: Due to the nature of the tin-carbon bonds, tributylstannane can function as an electrophile, which can participate in numerous nucleophilic substitution reactions. This property is pivotal in synthesizing complex organic molecules.
  • Environmental Considerations: While tributylstannane has beneficial uses, its environmental impact has raised concerns. It is important to handle it with care due to its potential toxicity, especially to aquatic life. This necessitates ongoing research into safer alternatives and disposal methods.
  • Recognition in Historical Context: The application of organotin chemistry in modern science has roots dating back to the mid-20th century, when compounds like tributylstannane began to emerge in research laboratories, paving the way for advancements in chemistry.

In conclusion, tributylstannane is much more than just an organotin compound; it serves as a crucial component in advancing the field of organic chemistry while also highlighting the need for responsible environmental stewardship.