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Hydrogen sulfide

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Identification
Molecular formula
H2S
CAS number
7783-06-4
IUPAC name
sulfide
State
State

Hydrogen sulfide is a gas at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. It is known for being toxic and flammable, presenting significant health and safety hazards.

Melting point (Celsius)
-82.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
191.15
Boiling point (Celsius)
-60.20
Boiling point (Kelvin)
212.95
General information
Molecular weight
34.08g/mol
Molar mass
34.0810g/mol
Density
1.3630g/cm3
Appearence

Hydrogen sulfide is a colorless gas, recognizable by its characteristic foul odor similar to that of rotten eggs. In its gaseous form, it is less dense than air. When frozen, hydrogen sulfide forms a white crystalline solid.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of Sulfides

Sulfides, represented by the general formula MX (where M is a metal and X is sulfur), exhibit a range of solubility in water. Understanding the solubility of sulfides is important in various chemical processes, environmental science, and industrial applications. Here are some key points about sulfide solubility:

  • Generally Low Solubility: Most metal sulfides are largely insoluble in water. This is particularly true for transition metal sulfides such as CuS and PbS, which often precipitate out of solution.
  • Exceptions Exist: Some sulfides, especially those of alkali and alkaline earth metals, can exhibit higher solubility. For example, Na2S (sodium sulfide) is quite soluble in water.
  • Influence of pH: The solubility of sulfides can be affected by pH levels. Under acidic conditions, certain metal sulfides may dissolve more readily, whereas basic conditions can lead to precipitate formation.
  • Complex Formation: Some metal ions can form soluble complexes with sulfide ions, enhancing the overall solubility in specific scenarios.

In conclusion, while many metal sulfides are characterized by their low solubility in water, conditions such as pH and the presence of complexing agents can significantly alter their behavior in solution. It's crucial to consider these factors when working with sulfide compounds in both laboratory and industrial contexts.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about Sulfide Compounds

Sulfides are fascinating chemical compounds that play a pivotal role in both nature and various industrial applications. Here are some intriguing facts that showcase their importance:

  • Presence in Nature: Sulfides are commonly found in natural settings, most notably in mineral deposits. These compounds are often formed in environments with limited oxygen, such as deep-sea vents and hydrothermal systems. The formation processes can be diverse, ranging from volcanic activity to biochemical transformations.
  • Biological Significance: Certain sulfides are crucial for life! For example, H2S (hydrogen sulfide) is produced by various microorganisms and plays a role in cellular processes. Interestingly, it is used as a signaling molecule in the human body, affecting various physiological functions.
  • Industrial Applications: Sulfides have significant industrial value. They are utilized in metallurgy, particularly in the extraction of metals such as copper and nickel through processes like froth flotation. Additionally, sulfide minerals are vital sources of these metals.
  • Color and Odor: Many sulfides are known for their distinctive color and the often pungent smell they release, reminiscent of rotten eggs. This characteristic is especially prominent in hydrogen sulfide, which can be a safety hazard in high concentrations.

In summary, sulfides illustrate the intricate relationship between chemistry and our environment. As you delve deeper into the world of chemical compounds, understanding sulfides can provide valuable insights into both natural processes and industrial practices.

Synonyms
Sulfide ion
sulfanediide
sulphide
sulfide(2-)
UNII-G15I91XETI
G15I91XETI
sulfur(2-)
SULPHIDE ION
SULFUR, ION (S2-)
CHEBI:15138
S(2-)
S2-
SULFIDE
18496-25-8
c0569
Sulphur (2-)
Sulfur (2-)
SCHEMBL29355039
DTXSID20872928
UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Q56250422