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Tin(IV) chloride

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Identification
Molecular formula
SnCl4
CAS number
7646-78-8
IUPAC name
tetrachlorostannane
State
State

At room temperature, tin(IV) chloride is commonly found as a liquid due to its low melting point, which is unusual for metal halides. It is a volatile compound that readily fumes in moist air.

Melting point (Celsius)
-33.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
240.10
Boiling point (Celsius)
114.10
Boiling point (Kelvin)
387.30
General information
Molecular weight
260.52g/mol
Molar mass
260.5210g/mol
Density
2.2260g/cm3
Appearence

Tin(IV) chloride usually appears as a colorless fuming liquid. Its fumes are due to the liberation of hydrochloric acid upon exposure to moisture in the air. In its solid form, it can appear as a white crystalline substance.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of Tetrachlorostannane

Tetrachlorostannane (SnCl4) is a fascinating compound, particularly in relation to its solubility characteristics. Understanding how this compound interacts with various solvents can provide insight into its applications and reactivity. Here are some key points regarding its solubility:

  • Solvent Interaction: Tetrachlorostannane is known to be highly soluble in organic solvents like benzene and chloroform, which is indicative of its nonpolar nature.
  • Water Solubility: In contrast, SnCl4 has very limited solubility in water. When in contact with water, it tends to react rather than simply dissolve, forming stannic acid and releasing hydrochloric acid.
  • Temperature Dependence: The degree of solubility can also be affected by temperature. Increased temperatures generally enhance solubility in organic solvents.

In summary, the solubility behavior of tetrachlorostannane highlights the principles of solute-solvent interactions. Its high solubility in organic media paired with limited water solubility underscores its specialized applications in organic synthesis and materials science. As always, when handling such compounds, proper safety measures should be in place due to their reactive nature with water.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about Tetrachlorostannane

Tetrachlorostannane, a fascinating chemical compound, showcases the intriguing chemistry of tin and chlorine. Here are some captivating insights into this compound:

  • Unique Structure: Tetrachlorostannane is characterized by its tetrahedral arrangement, where a central tin atom is surrounded by four chlorine atoms. This geometry contributes to its distinct chemical properties.
  • Application in Organic Synthesis: It serves as an important reagent in organic synthesis, particularly in the preparation of organotin compounds, which have a variety of applications in agriculture and industry.
  • Electrophilic Behavior: The compound acts as an electrophile due to the presence of the highly electronegative chlorine atoms, making it reactive towards nucleophiles, which can be useful in various chemical reactions.
  • Environmental Considerations: As with many organotin compounds, those derived from tetrachlorostannane can pose environmental risks. It's important for scientists and industry professionals to manage and mitigate potential impacts on ecosystems.
  • Historical Significance: The chemistry of tin compounds dates back centuries, with tetrachlorostannane being a part of the broader exploration of tin's role in various chemical reactions and industrial applications.
  • Research and Development: Ongoing research continues to explore its potential in catalysis and material science, highlighting the compound's significance beyond traditional uses.

In summary, tetrachlorostannane is more than just a simple inorganic compound; it represents a nexus of scientific inquiry and practical application, with avenues for future research still being explored.

Synonyms
Tin tetrachloride
Tin(IV) chloride
7646-78-8
Tetrachlorostannane
STANNIC CHLORIDE
Stannane, tetrachloro-
Stannic chloride, anhydrous
Stannic chloride fuming
Tetrachloro-stannane
HSDB 781
Stagno
EINECS 231-588-9
UNII-67H76LFL3V
UN1827
DTXSID1029679
Tetrachlorostannane, 9CI
67H76LFL3V
DTXCID809679
EC 231-588-9
NSC-209802
UN 1827
TIN TETRACHLORIDE, (ANHYDROUS)
TIN TETRACHLORIDE, [ANHYDROUS]
STANNIC CHLORIDE (TIN TETRACHLORIDE)
STANNIC CHLORIDE {TIN TETRACHLORIDE}
Stannane, tetrachloro
DTXSID301014497
TIN(4+) ION TETRACHLORIDE
TIN(IV) CHLORIDE (ANHYDROUS)
1344-13-4
einecs 215-689-5
hpggprdjhpyfrm-uhfffaoysa-j
stannic chloride [hsdb]
stannic chloride [mi]
tin chloride
Tetrachlorotin
Tintetrachloride
Tin perchloride
Stannic tetrachloride
Tin(IV) tetrachloride
SnCl4
Tin Chloride (sncl4)
Zinntetrachlorid
Tin Tetrachloride, anhydrous
Stagno (tetracloruro di)
Tin (IV) chloride
Tin perchloride(DOT)
Tin(IV) chloride (1:4)
Tin chloride (1:4)
Etain (tetrachlorure d')
Tin chloride, fuming
Tin chloride, fuming (DOT)
MFCD00011242
NSC 209802
Fascat 4400
Anhydrous tin tetrachloride
Tin(IV) chloride n-hydrate
Tin (IV) chloride anhydrous
Tin(IV) chloride, anhydrous
Tintetrachloride [Dutch]
Zinntetrachlorid [German]
Etain (tetrachlorure d') [French]
Stagno (tetracloruro di) [Italian]
stannicchloride
Tinchloride
tine chloride
tin-chloride
tin-tetrachloride
Tin(IV)chloride
tin tetra-chloride
Tin (IV) tetrachloride
Tin tetrachloride,anhydrous
Tin(IV) Chloride anhydrous
Tin(IV) chloride, 98%
Stannic chloride, anhydrous [UN1827] [Corrosive]
Tin chloride (SnCl4) (8CI)
BCP29204
Tox21_200181
NSC209802
Tin(IV) chloride, fuming, >=99%
Tin(IV) chloride, fuming, 99.0%
AKOS015950669
FT05619
NCGC00165981-01
NCGC00165981-02
NCGC00257735-01
stannic chloride pound>>tin tetrachloride
CAS-7646-78-8
Tin tetrachloride 1M in methylene chloride
DB-004102
NS00080796
NS00093540
Tin(IV) chloride, 99.995% trace metals basis
Q205004
Stannic chloride, anhydrous [UN1827] [Corrosive]