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Choline chloride

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Identification
Molecular formula
C5H14ClNO
CAS number
67-48-1
IUPAC name
tris(2-hydroxyethyl)-methyl-ammonium;chloride
State
State

At room temperature, choline chloride is in a solid state, usually appearing as a white crystalline powder.

Melting point (Celsius)
302.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
575.15
Boiling point (Celsius)
302.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
575.15
General information
Molecular weight
139.62g/mol
Molar mass
139.6230g/mol
Density
1.0440g/cm3
Appearence

Choline chloride appears as a white crystalline solid. It is typically hygroscopic, meaning it can absorb moisture from the air, and is often encountered as a dry powder or in crystalline form. Due to its hygroscopic nature, it can appear wet if exposed to a humid environment.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of tris(2-hydroxyethyl)-methyl-ammonium chloride

Tris(2-hydroxyethyl)-methyl-ammonium chloride, often abbreviated as THEMA chloride, exhibits notable solubility characteristics that are significant in various applications. Its unique structure imparts properties that enhance its interaction with solvents.

Key Solubility Features:

  • Highly Water-Soluble: This compound is highly soluble in water, owing to the presence of the hydroxyl groups (-OH) in the 2-hydroxyethyl moieties, which engage in hydrogen bonding with water molecules.
  • Influence of Temperature: Solubility may increase with temperature; thus, warm water may facilitate dissolution.
  • Alcohol Compatibility: It is also soluble in various organic solvents, particularly alcohols, which can stabilize its charged ammonium group.
  • Effect of Ionic Strength: In the presence of high ionic strength or when combined with other salts, solubility patterns could vary, potentially leading to precipitation in some cases.

In summary, the solubility of tris(2-hydroxyethyl)-methyl-ammonium chloride is primarily dictated by its hydration capability and the interactions of its functional groups. As one researcher noted, "understanding solubility is crucial for the effective application of ionic compounds in biological and chemical systems." Thus, exploiting its solubility can enhance its performance in fields such as pharmaceuticals and industrial chemistry.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about Tris(2-Hydroxyethyl)-methyl-ammonium Chloride

Tris(2-hydroxyethyl)-methyl-ammonium chloride, often shortened to THEMA-Cl, is a fascinating quaternary ammonium compound used primarily in various fields of chemistry and biochemistry. Here are some key points that showcase its significance:

  • Versatile Solubilizing Agent: THEMA-Cl serves as an important solubilizing agent in many chemical reactions. Its ability to interact with both organic and aqueous phases makes it a valuable tool in solutions requiring enhanced solubility.
  • Biological Applications: Due to its cationic nature, THEMA-Cl is used in biological systems, influencing cellular interactions and functioning as a surfactant or stabilizing agent in numerous pharmaceutical formulations.
  • Surface Activity: The compound demonstrates excellent surface-active properties, which can aid in reducing surface tension in various formulations, thereby enhancing the efficiency of formulations and processes in industrial applications.
  • Research Significance: Scientists use this compound as a model system for studying the interactions between amphiphilic molecules and biological membranes, giving insights into the complexity of membrane dynamics.
  • Environmental Considerations: The environmental impact of quaternary ammonium compounds like THEMA-Cl has become a topic of interest. Studies are being conducted to assess both its biodegradability and potential toxicity to aquatic life, which is crucial as we strive for greener chemistry.

Overall, tris(2-hydroxyethyl)-methyl-ammonium chloride (THEMA-Cl) exemplifies the intersection of functional chemistry and practical applications, making it a subject of continued research and exploration within the scientific community. Its versatility and effectiveness in various roles signify its critical role in advancing both chemical understanding and technological innovation.

Synonyms
7006-59-9
Ethanaminium, 2-hydroxy-N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-methyl-, chloride
AMMONIUM, METHYLTRIS(2-HYDROXYETHYL)-, CHLORIDE
tris(2-hydroxyethyl)-methylazanium;chloride
Tris(beta-hydroxyethyl)methylammonium chloride
Ammonium, tris(2-hydroxyethyl)methyl-, chloride
SCHEMBL2444152
DTXSID7052787
NS00037002
METHYLTRIS(2-HYDROXYETHYL)AMMONIUM CHLORIDE
2-Hydroxy-N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-methylethanaminium chloride