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Trisodium phosphate

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Identification
Molecular formula
Na3PO4
CAS number
7601-54-9
IUPAC name
trisodium;phosphate
State
State

At room temperature, trisodium phosphate is typically a solid. It is commonly encountered in its dodecahydrate form, especially when used in cleaning and laundry applications.

Melting point (Celsius)
73.30
Melting point (Kelvin)
346.45
Boiling point (Celsius)
100.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
373.15
General information
Molecular weight
163.94g/mol
Molar mass
163.9400g/mol
Density
1.6200g/cm3
Appearence

Trisodium phosphate appears as a white, granular or crystalline solid. It is highly soluble in water, producing an alkaline solution. The compound is often available in both anhydrous and hydrated forms, with the dodecahydrate being the most common.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of Trisodium Phosphate

Trisodium phosphate (Na3PO4) is a highly soluble compound in water, which allows it to be effectively utilized in various applications. Its solubility can be characterized by the following points:

  • Solubility in Water: Trisodium phosphate dissolves readily in water, leading to solutions that are alkaline in nature.
  • Concentration: It can create saturated solutions at various temperatures, typically reaching solubility levels of approximately 70 g/L at room temperature.
  • Impact of Temperature: The solubility of trisodium phosphate generally increases with higher temperatures, making it more effective in hot solutions.
  • pH Level: As a result of its dissolving behavior, trisodium phosphate can significantly impart basicity, usually elevating the pH of the solution.

To summarize, "trisodium phosphate is an excellent example of a soluble salt—its ability to dissolve in water not only enhances its utility in industrial applications but also makes it a significant player in biochemical processes." This property is attributed to its ionic nature and the strong interactions with polar solvent molecules, making it a versatile component in various chemical formulations.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about Trisodium Phosphate

Trisodium phosphate, commonly abbreviated as TSP, has a wide range of applications that underscore its significance in both industrial and household settings.

1. Fundamental Chemical Properties

  • TSP serves as a strong alkaline substance which makes it effective for various cleaning applications.
  • It functions as a buffering agent, helping to maintain stable pH levels in solutions.
  • It is commonly found in its hydrated form, often as trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate (TSP·12H₂O), which influences its handling and storage properties.

2. Diverse Applications

  • Cleaning Agent: TSP is widely used for cleaning surfaces before painting, effectively removing grease, dirt, and mildew.
  • Food Industry: It acts as a food additive (E339), playing a role as an emulsifier and thickening agent in processed foods.
  • Agriculture: TSP is utilized as a fertilizer, providing essential phosphorus for plant growth.

3. Safety Considerations

While TSP has many beneficial uses, it’s important for users to note

  • It can cause irritation to skin and eyes, necessitating careful handling.
  • Always use protective gear, such as gloves and goggles, when working with this compound.

4. Historical Context

Trisodium phosphate has been used for over a century, finding its roots in a variety of applications, from early household cleaning products to modern agricultural practices. Its long-standing presence in industries speaks to its reliability and effectiveness.

5. Fun Fact

In addition to its cleaning capabilities, TSP has been historically used in home brewing to adjust pH levels in the brewing water, enhancing flavor profiles.

Overall, trisodium phosphate is not just a simple compound; it is a versatile chemical that plays a vital role in numerous sectors, blending practicality with significance in everyday life.

Synonyms
TRISODIUM PHOSPHATE
Sodium phosphate
7601-54-9
Sodium orthophosphate
Sodium phosphate tribasic
Trisodium orthophosphate
Tribasic sodium phosphate
Phosphoric acid, trisodium salt
Sodium phosphate, anhydrous
trisodium;phosphate
Phosphoric acid trisodium salt
sodiumphosphate
Trisodium phosphate anhydrous
Trinatriumphosphat
Tertiary sodium phosphate
Sodium phosphate (Na3PO4)
sodium monophosphate
Tri-Sodium Phosphate
sodium;phosphoric acid
Tribasic sodium-phosphate
MFCD00003510
SX01TZO3QZ
65185-91-3
Phosphoric acid, sodium salt (2:3)
Sodium phosphate (tribasic)
INS-339(III)
SODIUM PHOSPHATE, TRIBASIC, ANHYDROUS
CHEBI:37583
E-339(III)
Sodium orthohosphate
Phosphoric acid, sodium salt (1:3)
NSC-215202
Oakite
Nutrifos STP
Caswell No. 898
Sodium phosphate (VAN)
Emulsiphos 440/660
Trinatriumphosphat [German]
Sodium phosphate, tribasic; Sodium tertiary phosphate; Tribasic sodium orthophosphate; Tribasic sodium phosphate; Trisodium orthophosphate
Sodium orthophosphate, tertiary
Sodium orthophosphate, tribasic
CCRIS 7086
HSDB 583
Trisodium trihydrogen bis(phosphate)
EINECS 231-509-8
UNII-SX01TZO3QZ
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 076406
NSC 215202
sodium phophate
EINECS 265-604-0
EINECS 268-603-3
Na3O4P
Sodium phosphate, 96%
Sodium phosphate,tribasic
EC 231-509-8
Phosphoric acid, sodiumsalt
96337-98-3
Monosodium phosphate disodium phosphate double salt
INS NO.339(III)
DTXSID2035223
Sodium phosphate, tribasic (NF)
TRISODIUM PHOSPHATE [HSDB]
Sodium phosphate, AR, >=95.5%
AKOS028109702
FS31176
Sodium phosphate tribasic, p.a., 97%
SODIUM PHOSPHATE, TRIBASIC [MI]
SODIUM PHOSPHATE,TRIBASIC [VANDF]
BP-30114
SODIUM PHOSPHATE TRIBASIC [WHO-DD]
Trisodium phosphate anhydrous NF/FCC grade
SODIUM PHOSPHATE, TRIBASIC ANHYDROUS
NS00074384
O0586
D09000
D78139
Sodium phosphate, SAJ first grade, >=97.0%
Q409501
SODIUM PHOSPHATE, TRIBASIC, ANHYDROUS [II]
Trisodium phosphate;Phosphoric acid trisodium salt;Sodium orthophosphate
231-509-8